Iran destinations — the plateau cities, the desert, the Caspian and the Gulf
Heritage Persia · Destinations Hub

Where to Go in Iran

Five countries inside one border. Which cities are worth your days, how many each one needs, and the season that suits it.

Read Time
7 min
Regions
5 Regions
Cities
12 Cities
Author
Heritage Persia
Author
Heritage Persia

Iran is the size of Western Europe and contains at least five distinct countries. The plateau that carries the famous cities is dry and high and cold at night. Four hours north of Tehran the forest starts and it rains more than in London. The south-east is desert that has recorded some of the hottest ground temperatures ever measured, and the Gulf coast in February is a beach holiday.

Almost every visitor sees only the first of these, and for a first trip that is the right decision. This page is so that you make it deliberately.

The Five Irans

Choose the region before the cities. It decides your season more than anything else.

RegionWhat it isBest season
Central PlateauIsfahan · Kashan · Yazd · ShirazHigh, dry, 1,200–1,600 m. Hot days, cold nights, almost no rain. The classic route runs through it and so does most of the country’s architecture.April–May · October–November
Northwest HighlandsTabriz · Ardabil · KandovanGenuinely cold — Tabriz averages below freezing in January. Green and mild exactly when the plateau is unbearable.May–early October
Caspian CoastRasht · Masuleh · RamsarHumid, forested and wet: 1,383 mm of rain a year, roughly twice London’s. Rice paddies, tea terraces and the best vegetarian cooking in Iran.May · September
The DesertsDasht-e Kavir · Dasht-e Lut · VarzanehReached from Yazd, Kerman or Isfahan. The Lut has recorded some of the hottest land-surface temperatures ever measured.October–March
Persian Gulf & IslandsQeshm · Hormuz · Kish · Bandar AbbasSubtropical and humid. Unbearable in July, and the best winter beach weather in the region from December to February.November–March
Chart of the five regions of Iran and the best season to visit each
Five regions, five seasons — and they do not overlap. This is why one trip cannot cover the country.

Twelve Places, and How Long Each Needs

Days are what a place actually takes rather than the minimum it can be rushed in. Where we have a full guide, it is linked.

PlaceWhat it is forDaysSeason
IsfahanSafavid architecture at its peak3 daysApr–May · Oct–NovFull guide
ShirazPoets, mirrors, and Persepolis an hour away3 daysApril · Oct–NovFull guide
YazdMud-brick old city, wind towers, Zoroastrian Iran2 daysOct–AprFull guide
TehranMuseums, modern Iran, the Alborz above it1–2 daysApr–May · OctGuide coming
KashanMerchant houses, the Fin Garden, rose harvest in May1–2 daysApr–MayFull guide
TabrizThe great bazaar, Kandovan, a different Iran2 daysMay–OctFull guide
Kerman & MahanDesert city, the Lut, a garden that ends a road2 daysOct–AprFull guide
Qeshm & HormuzRed beaches, salt caves, mangroves3 daysNov–MarFull guide
Rasht & GilanUNESCO City of Gastronomy, forest and rice2 daysMay · SepGuide coming
MashhadThe shrine city, and Khorasan’s saffron2 daysApr–May · OctFull guide
PersepolisThe Achaemenid ceremonial capitalHalf dayOct–AprFull guide
PasargadaeCyrus the Great, on an open plainHalf dayOct–AprFull guide

Our Destination Guides

Eight cities have the full treatment — every site with the hour to arrive, tested itineraries, and the things no other guide will tell you. More follow.

Tehran — Two Days, Timed The city everyone lands in and nobody plans for. Every site with its hour, and the vault that opens twelve hours a week. Read the guide → Isfahan Travel Guide — The Complete Edition Twelve sites with the hour to arrive, three tested itineraries, and the truth about the dry river. Read the guide → Shiraz Travel Guide — Beyond Persepolis The city of poets and mirrors, the 90-minute window at the Pink Mosque, and Persepolis done properly. Read the guide → Persepolis — Every Structure, Timed Eleven structures on one terrace, in the order the light suits them — plus Naqsh-e Rostam and the archive nobody mentions. Read the guide → Yazd Travel Guide — The Desert City That Should Not Exist Wind towers, qanats, a fire burning since 470 AD — and the lanes at dusk that everyone remembers. Read the guide → Kashan Travel Guide — Give It a Night, Not an Afternoon Merchant houses, the oldest Persian garden, a ziggurat older than Mesopotamia’s, and the rose harvest at dawn. Read the guide → Kerman Travel Guide — The Lut Desert, Mahan and Bam The hottest land surface ever measured, a garden that runs downhill, and a mud citadel an earthquake took down and twenty years put back. Read the guide → Tabriz Travel Guide — The Iran the Itineraries Miss A UNESCO bazaar still entirely a working market, a village carved from volcanic rock, and a region where Persian is the second language. Read the guide → Mashhad Travel Guide — The Imam Reza Shrine and Tus Thirty million pilgrims a year, a shrine complex of 1.2 million square metres, and the tomb of the poet who saved the Persian language. Read the guide → Qeshm Travel Guide — Salt Cave, Mangroves and the Geopark The largest island in the Persian Gulf: a salt cave over six kilometres long, a fluted gorge, tidal forest — and an honest word on the beaches. Read the guide → Hormuz Island — Seventy Colours A salt dome eight kilometres offshore where the ground is red, ochre, purple and silver, and where the red part is an ingredient in the cooking. Read the guide → Khuzestan — Three UNESCO Sites A ziggurat, a six-thousand-year city and Sassanid waterworks that still run. November to March only. Read the guide → Kermanshah & Bisotun Darius cut his account of taking the throne into a cliff in 521 BC, in three languages. Reading it is how the world learned to read cuneiform at all — plus the best Sasanian sculpture in Iran. Read the guide → Hamadan — Ancient Ecbatana The first capital in Iranian history and Iran’s newest World Heritage site, inscribed in 2024. Honestly a ruin field, and here is why it is still worth the detour. Read the guide → Gilan & the Caspian Cross the Alborz and the dry country in the photographs stops. Ancient forest, rice terraces, and the best regional cooking in the country. Read the guide → Takht-e Soleyman A spring built the hill it sits on, and the Sasanians put the fire temple of their state religion on top of it — beside a temple to the divinity of water. Inscribed in 2003. Read the guide → Soltaniyeh — the Dome of Oljaytu A fifty-metre dome built twice, one shell inside the other, three centuries before the Taj Mahal. Ninety minutes, and directly on the road to Tabriz. Read the guide → The Trans-Iranian Railway The only Iranian World Heritage site you buy a ticket for. Which of the 1,394 kilometres are worth the hours, and which excellent train is not the inscribed one. Read the guide → Alamut — the Castle of the Assassins A ruin, a valley and a famous story that is mostly not true. Two hours from Qazvin, and you will usually have it to yourself. Read the guide → The Persian Gardens — All Nine One UNESCO inscription, nine gardens, and five you will walk through without planning to. Plus the plan that has not changed in 2,500 years. Read the guide → The Deserts — Lut and Maranjab The hottest land surface ever measured, kaluts to 155 metres, and a 1603 caravanserai an hour from Kashan. One of them fits your route and one does not. Read the guide → Iran’s 30 UNESCO World Heritage Sites All thirty with their inscription years, which eleven sit on the classic route, and which are honestly for specialists. Read the guide →

How the Regions Combine

Ten days: the plateau only. Tehran, Kashan, Isfahan, Yazd, Shiraz — one region, five bases, no flying inside the country.

Fourteen days: the plateau plus one other. Either the desert properly, with two nights at Varzaneh or Kharanaq, or the Gulf islands with a flight south from Shiraz.

Three weeks: add the northwest around Tabriz, or the Caspian, and treat it as a second trip inside the first. Do not attempt both.

The mistake to avoid is a fortnight that touches four regions. Iranian distances are Europe-scale and the internal flights that make it look possible will cost you the mornings, which is when everything here is at its best.

The Places We Would Cut

Advice about where to go is worth very little without advice about what to drop, so here is ours, stated plainly and at some commercial cost to us.

Tehran, if your days are tight. It is a vast modern city with two genuinely excellent museums and a mountain range attached, and on a ten-day trip it is the first thing we cut. The National Museum is the one argument for staying — seeing the Achaemenid material before Persepolis changes what you understand when you arrive. One day covers it.

A fourth plateau city. Travellers who have read widely often want Kerman or Kermanshah added to Isfahan, Yazd and Shiraz. The result is another four-hour drive and a thinner version of what they already have. Spend the day in the city you are already in.

Two regions in a fortnight. The northwest and the Caspian are each a genuinely different country, and each rewards a week. Attempting both inside fourteen days produces a blur of internal flights and hotel lobbies.

Persepolis without Naqsh-e Rostam. This is the reverse — a cut we argue against. They are thirteen kilometres apart, most day trips skip the second, and four Achaemenid kings cut into a cliff above seven Sassanid reliefs is not a footnote to the first site.

The Order That Works

Run the classic route north to south — Tehran, Kashan, Isfahan, Yazd, Shiraz — rather than the reverse. Three reasons. The architecture builds rather than peaks early, since Isfahan after Shiraz is an anticlimax and Shiraz after Isfahan is a relief. The driving legs get shorter as you tire. And Shiraz has the better airport for leaving, which lets you fly open-jaw and save the day a return to Tehran costs you.

If you are adding the desert, put it between Isfahan and Yazd, where it sits geographically and where a night under that sky lands hardest — after the cities, before the mud-brick one.

Ask Us Directly

Tell us your dates and what you care about. We answer with an honest plan — including the parts we would cut.

Talk to Our Team →
Bar chart of how many days each Iranian destination needs
How long each place actually holds you. Green means the full guide is published.

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